Abstract
This study aims to understand the acid-leaching behavior of metals from 2 to 4 mm waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs)
containing 22.0% ą 1.1 Cu, 6.7% ą 0.2 Ca, 0.68% ą 0.02 Sn, 0.59 ą 0.01 % Pb, 2.71% ą 0.08 Al, 0.22% ą 0.01 Fe, etc..
Copper leaching was increased for sulfuric acid concentrations up to 1.2 mol/L and hydrogen peroxide concentrations of 10.0
vol% for a pulp density of 100 g/L at 50°C over 4 h, whereas for the same concentrations of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide
copper leaching was decreased from 75.7 to 56.7% with an increase in pulp density from 25 to 125 g/L. Under the same optimum
conditions and a 100 g/L pulp density, the leached copper concentration was 16.66 g/L (75.7%) and the concentrations of Pb, Al,
Fe, and Ca were 0.1 g/L, 0.64 g/L, 0.13 g/L, 0.79g/L, respectively. Above 50°C and 500 rpm, the amount of leached copper
decreased. With nitric acid, 98.3% copper leaching was obtained under the optimum conditions of 3 mol/L nitric acid and an
agitation speed of 800 rpm at 60°C for 5 h at 25 g/L pulp density. Under optimum conditions and 100 g/L pulp density, the
concentration of Cu in the leachate was 21.12 g/L (96%), and the concentrations of Pb, Al, Fe and Ca were 0.52 g/L, 0.91 g/L,
0.13 g/L, 1.70 g/L, respectively. At the same pulp density, nitric acid enabled better leaching of copper and other metals than
sulfuric acid with 10.0 vol% hydrogen peroxide. The solid precipitates obtained in the leach liquors of PCBs included stannic
oxide and calcium aluminum oxide in nitric acid and gypsum in sulfuric acid.